Benito Mussolini
1883–1945 · Fascists & Superfascists · Household name
Mussolini was an Italian journalist and socialist agitator who broke with the left over the First World War and founded Fascism, ruling Italy as dictator from 1922 to 1943. The doctrine he signed in 1932 made the State the source of all value and the individual real only inside it, denied that permanent peace was possible or desirable, and rejected both liberal democracy and Marxist class struggle in favour of a corporate nation bound by discipline and hierarchy. He was shot by partisans in April 1945.
Signature
The position Mussolini is most identified with in the Profiler:
- War
- strongly leans Militarism
- Government
- Totalitarianism
Positions on the 5 axes the sources answer
- Society
- leans Collectivism (14 on a 0–100 scale from Collectivism to Individualism)
- Order
- strongly leans Vertical (0 on a 0–100 scale from Vertical to Horizontal)
- Polity
- strongly leans Illiberalism (5 on a 0–100 scale from Illiberalism to Liberalism)
- War
- strongly leans Militarism (96 on a 0–100 scale from Pacifism to Militarism)
- Allegiance
- strongly leans Local (4 on a 0–100 scale from Local to Global)
15 of 20 axes are left blank: the sources do not answer them, or Mussolini refused the framing. Nothing is imputed; a blank is not a middling score.
Foundational questions
- Government
- Totalitarianism
What is your ideal form of government? - Highest Good
- Power
What is the highest good? - Ethics Basis
- Other
What is the ultimate basis of ethics? - Economy
- Other
What is the ideal organization of economic life? - Authority
- Might Makes Right / Collective Will
What is the legitimate source of authority? - Human Nature
- Irredeemably Corrupted
What is human nature? - Primary Bond
- Nation
What is your primary bond and loyalty?