Society
Collectivism (0) — Individualism (100) · one of the 20 worldview axes
The six statements
Each axis is measured by six statements answered on a five-point scale. Statements 1, 2 and 5 pull toward Collectivism; 3, 4 and 6 toward Individualism.
- The individual person, with their own rights and choices, is the basic unit of moral and political life.
- You have real obligations only to things you have voluntarily agreed to.
- A person's deepest identity is shaped more by the community they belong to than by their own private choices.
- You have real obligations to traditions and ancestors that shaped you, even though you never chose them.
- When a student is choosing a career, "do what you actually want" is better advice than "do what your family expects."
- The common good of a community rightly takes priority over individual preference when the two genuinely conflict.
Toward Collectivism (105)
- ✴️ Aleister Crowley0
- 🩺 Charaka / Caraka (चरक), redactor of the Carakasamhita (चरकसंहिता)8
- ➰ Giovanni Gentile8
- 🏭 Robert Owen9
- 🚀 Nikolai Fyodorov11
- ⛵ Edward Wilmot Blyden12
- Ⓧ Malcolm X (El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz), born Malcolm Little12
- 退 Yi Hwang (Toegye)12
- ☞ Moses Maimonides12
- 🌈 Desmond Tutu12
- 👤 Emmanuel Levinas14
- 🏔️ José Carlos Mariátegui14
- 🪖 Benito Mussolini14
- 🔔 Motoori Norinaga (本居宣長)15
- 🎯 Alasdair Chalmers MacIntyre16
- 中 Sun Yat-sen16
- ✠ Sir Thomas More (Thomas Morus)17
- 🐘 Aśoka Maurya (अशोक; in his own inscriptions Devānāṃpiya Piyadasi)17
- 🌞 Tommaso Campanella17
- 智 Mou Zongsan (牟宗三)18
- ❄ Konstantin Nikolayevich Leontiev (Константин Николаевич Леонтьев)19
- ✶ Dante Alighieri19
- 🎗️ Maximilien Robespierre19
- ⚜️ Edmund Burke19
- 🐝 Émile Durkheim19
- ✍ Celsus (Kelsos), author of The True Doctrine (Alethes Logos)20
- ⛏️ Gerrard Winstanley20
- 🌰 Sophie Bosede Oluwole20
- 🏛️ Plato21
- 气 Wang Fuzhi (Chuanshan)21
- 🦉 Aristotle22
- ⧗ Rosa Luxemburg (Róża Luksemburg)25
- 🜨 Carl Schmitt25
- ⧉ William Edward Burghardt Du Bois25
- 🚲 Ivan Illich25
- 🔗 bell hooks (Gloria Jean Watkins)25
- ⛓️ Friedrich Engels25
- 🏟️ Marsilius of Padua (Marsilio dei Mainardini)25
- 🪸 Ernst Haeckel25
- 🐂 Thomas Aquinas25
- 🙏 Anselm of Canterbury25
- ➿ Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel25
- ☭ Karl Marx25
- ⭐ Hồ Chí Minh25
- ✊ Ernesto "Che" Guevara25
- 🗳️ Hannah Arendt25
- 🏫 John Dewey25
- 仁 Kongzi (Confucius)25
- 良 Wang Yangming25
- 🕌 Abu Hamid al-Ghazali25
- 🧍 Protagoras of Abdera25
- 🛡️ Marcus Aurelius25
- 🧱 Xunzi (Xun Kuang)25
- 🥁 John Mbiti25
- 🪓 Fyodor Dostoevsky25
- 🌼 Mengzi (Mencius)25
- ⚔️ Taqi ad-Din Ibn Taymiyyah25
- 🚶 Jean-Jacques Rousseau25
- 🦅 Marcus Tullius Cicero25
- 理 Zhu Xi25
- 場 Nishida Kitarō25
- ◯ Thích Nhất Hạnh25
- 密 Kūkai (Kōbō Daishi)25
- ◧ Frantz Fanon25
- ✦ Kwame Nkrumah25
- 🪧 Enrique Dussel25
- 🎒 Paulo Freire25
- 🎹 Pythagoras of Samos25
- ◉ Viola F. Cordova25
- 🎻 Theodor W. Adorno25
- 🔒 Antonio Gramsci25
- 🏜️ Abu Zayd Abd ar-Rahman ibn Khaldun25
- 天 Dong Zhongshu25
- 🌷 Edith Stein (Teresa Benedicta)25
- 🫀 Léopold Sédar Senghor25
- 🧘 Tsongkhapa Lobsang Drakpa25
- Θ Iamblichus of Chalcis25
- 🦂 Tertullian (Quintus Septimius Florens Tertullianus)25
- ☮ Martin Luther King Jr.25
- 🧬 José Vasconcelos25
- 🧭 Leopoldo Zea25
- 🦬 Vine Deloria Jr.25
- 🐊 Val Plumwood25
- 🍞 Peter Kropotkin25
- 🗻 Giulio Cesare Andrea 'Julius' Evola29
- ⊚ Kwame Gyekye29
- ◐ Nicholas of Cusa29
- 📺 Herbert Marcuse29
- 🏁 Alexandre Kojève29
- 🌊 Futa Helu30
- 🚬 Gertrude Elizabeth Margaret Anscombe31
- 🛕 Ramanuja31
- 🔄 Thomas Kuhn31
- 📅 Charles Fourier31
- ⚭ Vladimir Sergeyevich Solovyov (Владимир Сергеевич Соловьёв)32
- 🚢 Otto Neurath32
- 🤲 Kwasi Wiredu33
- ⚱️ Isaac Luria (ha-Ari)33
- 🗡️ Francisco Suárez35
- 💰 Adam Smith35
- 🌎 Simon Bolivar (El Libertador)35
- 📽️ Ludwig Feuerbach35
- 🚋 Philippa Ruth Foot36
- 🔣 Charles Sanders Peirce37
- 🪺 Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling37
Between the poles (23)
- 🎲 David Hume40
- 🔭 Mario Augusto Bunge41
- 🏠 Jane Addams43
- 🪁 Benjamin Franklin44
- 🏴 Mikhail Bakunin44
- ♄ Simone Weil44
- 🌁 John Maynard Keynes, 1st Baron Keynes45
- ⛩️ Alan Watts46
- ∫ Albert Einstein50
- 🧿 Carl Jung50
- 🍀 Bernard Arthur Owen Williams53
- 🪞 Richard Rorty53
- ⛓️💥 Frederick Douglass (born Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey)55
- 📘 Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar56
- 🪒 William of Ockham56
- 🔍 Edmund Husserl57
- ✒️ José Rizal57
- 📈 Florence Nightingale58
- ➗ Henry Sidgwick58
- 🤷 Sextus Empiricus58
- 🔥 Giordano Bruno58
- 🖋️ Michel de Montaigne58
- 🧗 Johann Gottlieb Fichte58
Toward Individualism (46)
- 👹 Max Stirner (Johann Kaspar Schmidt)100
- 🌱 Gilles Deleuze100
- 🈳 Watsuji Tetsurō (和辻 哲郎)93
- 💵 Ayn Rand92
- 🔤 Wilhelm von Humboldt88
- 👂 Hans-Georg Gadamer88
- 🏘️ Robert Nozick87
- 🦱 Yang Zhu (楊朱)87
- 📢 Robert G. Ingersoll85
- ⇄ Ludwig Heinrich Edler von Mises85
- 📊 John Stuart Mill83
- 🌲 Ralph Waldo Emerson82
- ⟳ Jorge Luis Borges80
- 🧹 Vardhamana Mahavira (Nigantha Nataputta / Jnatrputra), महावीर वर्धमान80
- 𓂀 William Blake80
- 💫 Longchen Rabjam (Longchenpa)79
- 👑 Thomas Hobbes79
- 🗝 John Locke79
- 🗞️ Thomas Paine79
- 🌹 Mary Wollstonecraft75
- 🧐 Claude Adrien Helvétius75
- 🦔 Friedrich August von Hayek75
- 🛢️ Diogenes of Sinope75
- 🪵 Henry David Thoreau75
- 🕶️ John Rawls75
- 🛋️ Sigmund Freud75
- ❌ Karl Popper75
- 🔢 Bertrand Russell75
- ♀️ Simone de Beauvoir75
- 🥸 Friedrich Nietzsche75
- 🎭 Arthur Schopenhauer75
- ⚖️ Jeremy Bentham75
- 🍇 Epicurus of Samos75
- 🔠 Rudolf Carnap75
- 🛠 Pelagius75
- 童 Li Zhi (李贄), style name Zhuowu (卓吾)75
- ❤️🔥 Harry Gordon Frankfurt71
- 🧠 Daniel Dennett69
- 📏 Immanuel Kant69
- ⚛️ Titus Lucretius Carus67
- 🦘 Søren Kierkegaard67
- Ⓐ Pierre-Joseph Proudhon64
- 🚫 J. L. Mackie62
- 🪴 Porphyry of Tyre62
- ☂️ Paul Feyerabend62
- ⏸️ J.M.E. McTaggart62
226 thinkers have no sourced position on this axis and are omitted rather than guessed.